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Adjective-noun agreement Exercises in Malay language

Students listening to conversational language recordings.

Adjective-noun agreement is a fundamental aspect of the Malay language, essential for constructing grammatically correct and meaningful sentences. In Malay, adjectives typically follow the nouns they describe, unlike in English where adjectives usually precede nouns. This difference can be challenging for English speakers learning Malay, as it requires not only understanding the vocabulary but also mastering the syntactic structure. For example, in Malay, you would say "rumah besar" to mean "big house," with "rumah" (house) coming before "besar" (big). Grasping the rules of adjective-noun agreement is crucial for effective communication in Malay. The agreement extends to various types of adjectives, including those describing size, color, and quality, and it ensures clarity and precision in expressing ideas. Through targeted grammar exercises, learners can practice and reinforce their understanding of this agreement, making it easier to remember and apply in real-life conversations. These exercises will guide you through the nuances of adjective placement and agreement, helping you build a solid foundation in the Malay language.

Exercise 1

1. Dia memandu kereta yang sangat *laju* (fast). 2. Rumah itu kelihatan *besar* (big). 3. Adik saya mempunyai kucing yang *comel* (cute). 4. Bukit itu amat *tinggi* (high). 5. Makanan di restoran itu sangat *sedap* (delicious). 6. Bunga di taman itu sangat *cantik* (beautiful). 7. Buku ini sangat *tebal* (thick). 8. Jalan di kampung itu sangat *sempit* (narrow). 9. Anjing itu sangat *garang* (fierce). 10. Bilik di hotel itu sangat *selesa* (comfortable).

Exercise 2

1. Baju itu sangat *cantik* (pretty) untuk dipakai ke majlis. (adjective for describing clothes). 2. Kucing *hitam* itu sedang tidur di atas sofa. (adjective describing color). 3. Rumah *besar* itu milik keluarga kaya. (adjective describing size). 4. Buku *tebal* ini sangat berat untuk dibawa. (adjective describing thickness). 5. Jalan *sempit* itu hanya muat untuk satu kereta. (adjective describing width). 6. Bunga *merah* itu sangat wangi. (adjective describing color). 7. Anak *pintar* itu mendapat markah tinggi dalam ujian. (adjective describing intelligence). 8. Tasik *tenang* itu menjadi tempat orang berehat. (adjective describing calmness). 9. Makanan *pedas* ini disukai ramai orang. (adjective describing taste). 10. Kerusi *lama* itu masih kukuh digunakan. (adjective describing age).

Exercise 3

1. Dia membeli *buku* yang tebal (object used for reading). 2. Anak perempuan itu memakai *baju* yang cantik (clothing item). 3. Mereka tinggal di rumah yang *besar* (size description). 4. Ibu memasak nasi yang *sedap* (taste description). 5. Adik suka makan buah yang *manis* (taste description). 6. Kucing itu mempunyai bulu yang *lembut* (texture description). 7. Dia menonton filem yang *menarik* (interest description). 8. Kita harus minum air yang *bersih* (quality description). 9. Guru memberikan nasihat yang *berharga* (value description). 10. Mereka melihat langit yang *biru* (color description).